Molecular Profiling of Breast Cancer

Pharmacogenomic Profiling of the PI3K/PTEN Pathway in Sporadic Breast Cancer

Background: Pharmacogenomics is the study of genetic variations among individuals to predict the probability that a patient will respond to single or multidrug chemotherapy. Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers among women worldwide. Treatment of breast cancer by application of biological rationales gives us the ability to match the correct pharmacology to individual tumour genetic p...

Rapid Health Technology Assessment of Oncotype DX in Patients with Early-Stage Breast Cancer

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. Patients are treated with chemotherapy initially, and if not chemically treated, the risk of recurrence of the disease increases yearly. Therefore, methods for identifying patients for whom chemotherapy would be most beneficial are very important. The Oncotype DX test is a prognostic assay that predicts the likelihood of breast can...

The significance of gene profiling in diagnosis the cause of drug resistance in cancer

Chemoresistance is one of the main obstacles to the success of cancer treatment and one of the most important causes of death in patients. In the last decade, progress in high-throughput technologies, including microarray, sequencing, and bioinformatics has greatly resulted in cancer gene profiling and identification of biomarkers for cancer prognosis and prediction. This has greatly improved t...

Cytoplasmic Her2/neu immunohistochemical staining in breast cancer; From a molecular point of view

Molecular mechanisms involved in multidrug resistance in breast cancer therapy

Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer in women. Chemotherapy is the main strategy in the treatment of this disease especially in the advanced form of the disease. Despite the recent progress in the development of new chemotherapy, the effectiveness of these drugs has dramatically reduced due to multidrug resistance. The phenotype of multidrug resistance (MDR) can occur through different me...

Evaluation of [18F]FPTT Molecular structure and its binding to progesterone receptor (PR) for PET scan of breast cancer FPTT Molecular structure and its binding to progesterone receptor (PR) for PET scan of breast cancer

Breast cancer is a complicated disease that it is accompanied by different symptoms. Diagnosis of this disease is performed by various techniques. Using Radiopharmaceuticals is a new method to diagnose the said tumors. [18F]-FPTT is one of these nuclear medicines for detection of breast cancer. It seems that the binding of the title radiopharmaceutical to the progesterone receptor is...